Optimizing Laccase Production from Delonix regia Pods by Aspergillus carbonarius F5 Using Response Surface Methodology and it’s Dye Decolorization Potential
Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology,
Page 1-15
DOI:
10.9734/ajb2t/2022/v8i330125
Abstract
Introduction: Laccase is a muilti-copper enzyme that directs oxidation of compounds by reducing oxygen to water molecules. It has been identified as a significant enzyme which possesses diverse interest in industrial sector due to its ability to degrade toxicants from dye-utilizing related industries.
Aim: The current research focuses on the optimization of laccase from Aspergillus carbonarius F5 on Delonix regia pods, for application in dye degradation.
Methodology: Potential laccase producing fungi were screened and characterized using 18s rRNA. Laccase production was further conducted on untreated and acid pretreated Delonix regia pods. Plackett-Burman design and Central Composite Design (CCD) of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to screen for various nutritional and environmental factors to improve the yield of the enzyme and then applied for dye decolorization studies.
Results: The fungal strain with the highest laccase activity was identified as Aspergillus carbonarius F5. The acid pretreated Delonix regia pods showed considerably high enzyme activity when compared with untreated. Moreover, variation of notable nutritional and environmental factors were detected to improve laccase yield. The effect of input parameters such as incubation period, pH, temperature and MgSO4 were documented as the major factors influencing high laccase yield using Plackett-Burman design. Results obtained from the modelling of experiment using CCD-RSM shows that maximum laccase production of 8.04 U/ml was recorded at temperature 36°C, pH 6, MgSO4.7H2O at 0.2 (g/L), and 7 days which reveals a 8.28 –fold increase. The outcome of the investigation performed on dye decolorization suggests an 87.6 % and 62.6 % degradation on congo red and malachite green dyes respectively.
Conclusion: Delonix regia pods could be an added substrate, suitable for optimization of laccase by Aspergillus carbonarius F5 and the enzyme was capable of decolorizing industrial dyes.
Keywords:
- Laccase
- delonix regia pods
- optimization
- response surface methodology
- Aspergillus carbonarius F5
- dye decolorization
How to Cite
Arekemase, M. O., Tiamiyu, A. O., Kazeem, M. O., Ugba, M., & Ado, B. V. (2022). Optimizing Laccase Production from Delonix regia Pods by Aspergillus carbonarius F5 Using Response Surface Methodology and it’s Dye Decolorization Potential. Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology, 8(3), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajb2t/2022/v8i330125
References
1. Casciello C, Tonin F, Berini F, Fasoli E, Marinelli F, Pollegioni L, et al. A valuable peroxidase activity from the novel species Nonomuraea gerenzanensis growing on alkali lignin. Biotechnology Reports. 2017;13:49-57.
2. Huang MT, Lu YC, Zhang S, Luo F, Yang H. Rice (Oryza sativa) laccases involved in modification and detoxification of herbicides atrazine and isoproturon residues in plants. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 2016;64:6397-406.
3. Sondhi S, Saini K. Response surface based optimization of laccase production from Bacillus sp. MSK-01 using fruit juice waste as an effective substrate. Heliyon. 2019;5:1-8.
4. Nadaroglu H, Mosber G, Gungor AA, Adıguzel G, Adiguzel A. Biodegradation of some azo dyes from wastewater with laccase from Weissella viridescens LB37 immobilized on magnetic chitosan nanoparticles. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2019;31:100866.
5. Omeje KO, Nnolim NE, Ezema BO, Ozioko JN, Eze SO. Synthetic dyes decolorization potential of agroindustrial waste-derived thermo-active laccase from Aspergillus species. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2020;29:101800.
6. Han ML, Yang J, Liu ZY, Wang CR, Chen SY, Han N, et al. Evaluation of Laccase Activities by Three Newly Isolated Fungal Species in Submerged Fermentation With Single or Mixed Lignocellulosic Wastes. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021;12:682679
7. Clark M, Tepper K, Petroll K, Kumar S, Sunna A, Maselko M. Bioremediation of Industrial Pollutants by Insects Expressing a Fungal Laccase. ACS Synthetic Biology. 2021;11(1):308-316.
8. Bassanini I, Ferrandi EE, Riva S, Monti D. Biocatalysis with laccases: An updated overview. Catalysts. 2021;11:(26): 2-30.
9. Ndochinwa O, Amadi O, Nwagu T, Okpala G, Nnamchi C, Moneke A. Screening of Laccase Producing Fungi Using Agro-Wastes under Different Cultural Conditions. Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology. 2020:44-57.
10. Sayyed R, Bhamare H, Marraiki N, Elgorban AM, Syed A, El-Enshasy HA, et al. Tree bark scrape fungus: A potential source of laccase for application in bioremediation of non-textile dyes. Plos one. 2020;15:e0229968.
11. de Salas F, Camarero S. Fungal Laccases as Biocatalysts for Wide Range Applications. In: Encyclopedia of Mycology, Zaragoza Ó, Casadevall A. Eds., Elsevier, Oxford. 2021; 233-46.
12. Blánquez A, Rodríguez J, Brissos V, Mendes S, Martins LO, Ball AS, et al. Decolorization and detoxification of textile dyes using a versatile Streptomyces laccase-natural mediator system. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2019; 26:913-20.
13. Kang Y, Xu X, Pan H, Tian J, Tang W, Liu S. Decolorization of mordant yellow 1 using Aspergillus sp. TS-A CGMCC 12964 by biosorption and biodegradation. Bioengineered. 2018;9:222-32.
14. Pandi A, Marichetti Kuppuswami G, Numbi Ramudu K, Palanivel S. A sustainable approach for degradation of leather dyes by a new fungal laccase. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019;211:590-597.
15. Yuliana T, Komara D, Saripudin G, Subroto E, Safitri R. Potential of Lignocellulosic Waste for Laccase Production by Trametes versicolor under Submerged Fermentation. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021;24: 699-705.
16. Melanouri EM, Dedousi M, Diamantopoulou P. Cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii mushroom strains on agro-industrial residues in solid-state fermentation. Part I: Screening for growth, endoglucanase, laccase and biomass production in the colonization phase. Carbon Resources Conversion. 2022;5:61-70.
17. Pourkhanali K, Khayati G, Mizani F, Raouf F. Isolation, identification and optimization of enhanced production of laccase from Galactomyces geotrichum under solid-state fermentation. Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology. 2021;51: 659-668.
18. Fatmawaty F, Astuti H. Antimalarial activity of Delonix regia on mice with Plasmodium berghei. Journal of Natural Products 2013;6:61-66.
19. Babalola BM, Babalola AO, Adubiaro HO, Ayanda OS, Nelana SM, Naidoo EB. Application of waste Delonix regia pods and leaves for the sorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Water Quality Research Journal. 2019;54:278-289.
20. Balogun AO, Adeleke AA, Ikubanni PP, Adegoke SO, Alayat AM, McDonald AG. Kinetics modeling, thermodynamics and thermal performance assessments of pyrolytic decomposition of Moringa oleifera husk and Delonix regia pod. Scientific Reports. 2021;11:13862.
21. Nambisan P. Data of optimization of laccase production by Marasmiellus palmivorus LA1 under solid state fermentation using one factor at a time method. Data in brief. 2018;17:1276-82.
22. Zubbair NAA, Ajao AT, Adeyemo EO, Adeniyi OD. Biodegradation of Malachite Green by White-Rot Fungus, Pleurotus Pulminarious. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology. 2020;12:79-90.
23. Senanayake I, Rathnayaka A, Marasinghe D, Calabon M, Gentekaki E, Lee H, et al. Morphological approaches in studying fungi: collection, examination, isolation, sporulation and preservation. Mycosphere. 2020;11:2678-754.
24. Girma G, Rabbi I, Olanrewaju A, Alaba O, Kulakow P, Alabi T et al. A manual for large-scale sample collection, preservation, tracking, DNA extraction, and variety identification analysis. A manual for large-scale sample collection, preservation, tracking, DNA extraction, and variety identification analysis. Institute of Tropical Agriculture. 2017;1-32.
25. White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. 1990;18: 315-322.
26. Jaber SM, Shah UKM, Asa’ari AZM, Ariff AB. Optimization of laccase production by locally isolated Trichoderma muroiana IS1037 using rubber wood dust as substrate. BioResources. 2017;12:3834-49.
27. Wakil SM, Eyiolawi SA, Salawu KO, Onilude AA. Decolourization of synthetic dyes by laccase enzyme produced by Kluyveromyces dobzhanskii DW1 and Pichia manshurica DW2. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2019;18:1-11.
28. Wong KS, Cheung MK, Au CH, Kwan HS. A novel Lentinula edodes laccase and its comparative enzymology suggest guaiacol-based laccase engineering for bioremediation. PLoS One. 2013;8:e66426.
29. Argumedo-Delira R, Gómez-Martínez MJ, Uribe-Kaffure R. Trichoderma biomass as an alternative for removal of congo red and malachite green industrial dyes. Applied Sciences. 2021;11:448:1-15
30. Omar SA. Decolorization of different textile dyes by isolated Aspergillus niger. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2016;9:(1):149-156
31. Dexilin M, Gowri Manogari B, Kaliannan T. Optimization of Culture Conditions for Enhanced Decolorization of Azo Dyes by Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Dye Contaminated Soil. In: Bioremediation and Green Technologies, Springer. 2021;143-54.
32. Asses N, Ayed L, Hkiri N, Hamdi M. Congo Red Decolorization and Detoxification by Aspergillus niger: Removal Mechanisms and Dye Degradation Pathway. BioMed Research International. 2018;3049686.
33. Nascimento GCd, Batista RD, Santos CCAdA, Silva EMd, de Paula FC, Mendes DB, et al. β-fructofuranosidase and β–D-fructosyltransferase from new Aspergillus carbonarius PC-4 strain isolated from canned peach syrup: effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on enzyme production. The Scientific World Journal. 2019;1-13.
34. El-Sayed MT, Rabie GH, Hamed EA. Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using the mixed culture of Aspergillus carbonarius and A. fumigates. Environmental Deversity and Sustainability. 2021;23:14556-84.
35. Sinha M, Sørensen A, Ahamed A, Ahring BK. Production of hydrocarbons by Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010. Fungal biology. 2015;119:274-82.
36. Sugumaran P, Susan VP, Ravichandran P, Seshadri S. Production and characterization of activated carbon from banana empty fruit bunch and Delonix regia fruit pod. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment. 2012;3:125-32.
37. Bakkiyaraj S, Aravindan R, Arrivukkarasan S, Viruthagiri T. Lemon peelings: a potential substrate for laccase production by Trametes versicolor MTCC 138 in submerged fermentation. International Journal of Current Chemical Sciences. 2013;2:17-24.
38. Bagewadi ZK, Mulla SI, Ninnekar HZ. Optimization of laccase production and its application in delignification of biomass. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture. 2017;6:351-65.
39. Chhaya U, Gupte A. Optimization of media components for laccase production by litter dwelling fungal isolate Fusarium incarnatum LD‐3. Journal Basic Microbiology. 2010;50:43-51.
40. Mishra A, Kumar S, Kumar S. Application of Box-Benhken experimental design for optimization of laccase production by Coriolus versicolor MTCC138 in solid-state fermentation. Journal of scientific and Industrial Research. 2008:1098-1107.
41. Senthivelan T, Kanagaraj J, Panda RC, Narayani T. Screening and production of a potential extracellular fungal laccase from Penicillium chrysogenum: Media optimization by response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Biotechnology Reports. 2019;23:e00344.
42. Ghosh P, Ghosh U. Statistical optimization of laccase production by Aspergillus flavus PUF5 through submerged fermentation using agro-waste as cheap substrate. Acta Biologica Szegediensis. 2017;61:25-33.
43. Pratheebaa P, Periasamy R, Palvannan T. Factorial design for optimization of laccase production from Pleurotus ostreatus IMI 395545 and laccase mediated synthetic dye decolorization. Indian Journal of Biotechnology. 2013;12 (2):236-245.
44. Bhamare H, Jadhav H, Sayyed R. Statistical optimization for enhanced production of extracellular laccase from Aspergillus sp. HB_RZ4 isolated from bark scrapping. Environmental Sustainability. 2018;1:159-66.
45. Jiménez-Barrera D, Chan-Cupul W, Fan Z, Osuna-Castro JA. Fungal co-culture increases ligninolytic enzyme activities: statistical optimization using response surface methodology. Prep. Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 2018;48:787-98.
46. Chauhan AK, Choudhury B. Synthetic dyes degradation using lignolytic enzymes produced from Halopiger aswanensis strain ABC_IITR by Solid State Fermentation. Chemosphere. 2021;273: 129671.
47. Tavares MF, Avelino KV, Araújo NL, Marim RA, Linde GA, Colauto NB et al. Decolorization of azo and anthraquinone dyes by crude laccase produced by Lentinus crinitus in solid state cultivation. Brazillian Journal of Microbiology. 2020;51:99-106.
48. Leo VV, Passari AK, Muniraj IK, Uthandi S, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, et al. Elevated levels of laccase synthesis by Pleurotus pulmonarius BPSM10 and its potential as a dye decolorizing agent. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2019;26:464-8.
2. Huang MT, Lu YC, Zhang S, Luo F, Yang H. Rice (Oryza sativa) laccases involved in modification and detoxification of herbicides atrazine and isoproturon residues in plants. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 2016;64:6397-406.
3. Sondhi S, Saini K. Response surface based optimization of laccase production from Bacillus sp. MSK-01 using fruit juice waste as an effective substrate. Heliyon. 2019;5:1-8.
4. Nadaroglu H, Mosber G, Gungor AA, Adıguzel G, Adiguzel A. Biodegradation of some azo dyes from wastewater with laccase from Weissella viridescens LB37 immobilized on magnetic chitosan nanoparticles. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2019;31:100866.
5. Omeje KO, Nnolim NE, Ezema BO, Ozioko JN, Eze SO. Synthetic dyes decolorization potential of agroindustrial waste-derived thermo-active laccase from Aspergillus species. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2020;29:101800.
6. Han ML, Yang J, Liu ZY, Wang CR, Chen SY, Han N, et al. Evaluation of Laccase Activities by Three Newly Isolated Fungal Species in Submerged Fermentation With Single or Mixed Lignocellulosic Wastes. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021;12:682679
7. Clark M, Tepper K, Petroll K, Kumar S, Sunna A, Maselko M. Bioremediation of Industrial Pollutants by Insects Expressing a Fungal Laccase. ACS Synthetic Biology. 2021;11(1):308-316.
8. Bassanini I, Ferrandi EE, Riva S, Monti D. Biocatalysis with laccases: An updated overview. Catalysts. 2021;11:(26): 2-30.
9. Ndochinwa O, Amadi O, Nwagu T, Okpala G, Nnamchi C, Moneke A. Screening of Laccase Producing Fungi Using Agro-Wastes under Different Cultural Conditions. Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology. 2020:44-57.
10. Sayyed R, Bhamare H, Marraiki N, Elgorban AM, Syed A, El-Enshasy HA, et al. Tree bark scrape fungus: A potential source of laccase for application in bioremediation of non-textile dyes. Plos one. 2020;15:e0229968.
11. de Salas F, Camarero S. Fungal Laccases as Biocatalysts for Wide Range Applications. In: Encyclopedia of Mycology, Zaragoza Ó, Casadevall A. Eds., Elsevier, Oxford. 2021; 233-46.
12. Blánquez A, Rodríguez J, Brissos V, Mendes S, Martins LO, Ball AS, et al. Decolorization and detoxification of textile dyes using a versatile Streptomyces laccase-natural mediator system. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2019; 26:913-20.
13. Kang Y, Xu X, Pan H, Tian J, Tang W, Liu S. Decolorization of mordant yellow 1 using Aspergillus sp. TS-A CGMCC 12964 by biosorption and biodegradation. Bioengineered. 2018;9:222-32.
14. Pandi A, Marichetti Kuppuswami G, Numbi Ramudu K, Palanivel S. A sustainable approach for degradation of leather dyes by a new fungal laccase. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019;211:590-597.
15. Yuliana T, Komara D, Saripudin G, Subroto E, Safitri R. Potential of Lignocellulosic Waste for Laccase Production by Trametes versicolor under Submerged Fermentation. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021;24: 699-705.
16. Melanouri EM, Dedousi M, Diamantopoulou P. Cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii mushroom strains on agro-industrial residues in solid-state fermentation. Part I: Screening for growth, endoglucanase, laccase and biomass production in the colonization phase. Carbon Resources Conversion. 2022;5:61-70.
17. Pourkhanali K, Khayati G, Mizani F, Raouf F. Isolation, identification and optimization of enhanced production of laccase from Galactomyces geotrichum under solid-state fermentation. Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology. 2021;51: 659-668.
18. Fatmawaty F, Astuti H. Antimalarial activity of Delonix regia on mice with Plasmodium berghei. Journal of Natural Products 2013;6:61-66.
19. Babalola BM, Babalola AO, Adubiaro HO, Ayanda OS, Nelana SM, Naidoo EB. Application of waste Delonix regia pods and leaves for the sorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Water Quality Research Journal. 2019;54:278-289.
20. Balogun AO, Adeleke AA, Ikubanni PP, Adegoke SO, Alayat AM, McDonald AG. Kinetics modeling, thermodynamics and thermal performance assessments of pyrolytic decomposition of Moringa oleifera husk and Delonix regia pod. Scientific Reports. 2021;11:13862.
21. Nambisan P. Data of optimization of laccase production by Marasmiellus palmivorus LA1 under solid state fermentation using one factor at a time method. Data in brief. 2018;17:1276-82.
22. Zubbair NAA, Ajao AT, Adeyemo EO, Adeniyi OD. Biodegradation of Malachite Green by White-Rot Fungus, Pleurotus Pulminarious. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology. 2020;12:79-90.
23. Senanayake I, Rathnayaka A, Marasinghe D, Calabon M, Gentekaki E, Lee H, et al. Morphological approaches in studying fungi: collection, examination, isolation, sporulation and preservation. Mycosphere. 2020;11:2678-754.
24. Girma G, Rabbi I, Olanrewaju A, Alaba O, Kulakow P, Alabi T et al. A manual for large-scale sample collection, preservation, tracking, DNA extraction, and variety identification analysis. A manual for large-scale sample collection, preservation, tracking, DNA extraction, and variety identification analysis. Institute of Tropical Agriculture. 2017;1-32.
25. White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. 1990;18: 315-322.
26. Jaber SM, Shah UKM, Asa’ari AZM, Ariff AB. Optimization of laccase production by locally isolated Trichoderma muroiana IS1037 using rubber wood dust as substrate. BioResources. 2017;12:3834-49.
27. Wakil SM, Eyiolawi SA, Salawu KO, Onilude AA. Decolourization of synthetic dyes by laccase enzyme produced by Kluyveromyces dobzhanskii DW1 and Pichia manshurica DW2. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2019;18:1-11.
28. Wong KS, Cheung MK, Au CH, Kwan HS. A novel Lentinula edodes laccase and its comparative enzymology suggest guaiacol-based laccase engineering for bioremediation. PLoS One. 2013;8:e66426.
29. Argumedo-Delira R, Gómez-Martínez MJ, Uribe-Kaffure R. Trichoderma biomass as an alternative for removal of congo red and malachite green industrial dyes. Applied Sciences. 2021;11:448:1-15
30. Omar SA. Decolorization of different textile dyes by isolated Aspergillus niger. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2016;9:(1):149-156
31. Dexilin M, Gowri Manogari B, Kaliannan T. Optimization of Culture Conditions for Enhanced Decolorization of Azo Dyes by Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Dye Contaminated Soil. In: Bioremediation and Green Technologies, Springer. 2021;143-54.
32. Asses N, Ayed L, Hkiri N, Hamdi M. Congo Red Decolorization and Detoxification by Aspergillus niger: Removal Mechanisms and Dye Degradation Pathway. BioMed Research International. 2018;3049686.
33. Nascimento GCd, Batista RD, Santos CCAdA, Silva EMd, de Paula FC, Mendes DB, et al. β-fructofuranosidase and β–D-fructosyltransferase from new Aspergillus carbonarius PC-4 strain isolated from canned peach syrup: effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on enzyme production. The Scientific World Journal. 2019;1-13.
34. El-Sayed MT, Rabie GH, Hamed EA. Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using the mixed culture of Aspergillus carbonarius and A. fumigates. Environmental Deversity and Sustainability. 2021;23:14556-84.
35. Sinha M, Sørensen A, Ahamed A, Ahring BK. Production of hydrocarbons by Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010. Fungal biology. 2015;119:274-82.
36. Sugumaran P, Susan VP, Ravichandran P, Seshadri S. Production and characterization of activated carbon from banana empty fruit bunch and Delonix regia fruit pod. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment. 2012;3:125-32.
37. Bakkiyaraj S, Aravindan R, Arrivukkarasan S, Viruthagiri T. Lemon peelings: a potential substrate for laccase production by Trametes versicolor MTCC 138 in submerged fermentation. International Journal of Current Chemical Sciences. 2013;2:17-24.
38. Bagewadi ZK, Mulla SI, Ninnekar HZ. Optimization of laccase production and its application in delignification of biomass. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture. 2017;6:351-65.
39. Chhaya U, Gupte A. Optimization of media components for laccase production by litter dwelling fungal isolate Fusarium incarnatum LD‐3. Journal Basic Microbiology. 2010;50:43-51.
40. Mishra A, Kumar S, Kumar S. Application of Box-Benhken experimental design for optimization of laccase production by Coriolus versicolor MTCC138 in solid-state fermentation. Journal of scientific and Industrial Research. 2008:1098-1107.
41. Senthivelan T, Kanagaraj J, Panda RC, Narayani T. Screening and production of a potential extracellular fungal laccase from Penicillium chrysogenum: Media optimization by response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Biotechnology Reports. 2019;23:e00344.
42. Ghosh P, Ghosh U. Statistical optimization of laccase production by Aspergillus flavus PUF5 through submerged fermentation using agro-waste as cheap substrate. Acta Biologica Szegediensis. 2017;61:25-33.
43. Pratheebaa P, Periasamy R, Palvannan T. Factorial design for optimization of laccase production from Pleurotus ostreatus IMI 395545 and laccase mediated synthetic dye decolorization. Indian Journal of Biotechnology. 2013;12 (2):236-245.
44. Bhamare H, Jadhav H, Sayyed R. Statistical optimization for enhanced production of extracellular laccase from Aspergillus sp. HB_RZ4 isolated from bark scrapping. Environmental Sustainability. 2018;1:159-66.
45. Jiménez-Barrera D, Chan-Cupul W, Fan Z, Osuna-Castro JA. Fungal co-culture increases ligninolytic enzyme activities: statistical optimization using response surface methodology. Prep. Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 2018;48:787-98.
46. Chauhan AK, Choudhury B. Synthetic dyes degradation using lignolytic enzymes produced from Halopiger aswanensis strain ABC_IITR by Solid State Fermentation. Chemosphere. 2021;273: 129671.
47. Tavares MF, Avelino KV, Araújo NL, Marim RA, Linde GA, Colauto NB et al. Decolorization of azo and anthraquinone dyes by crude laccase produced by Lentinus crinitus in solid state cultivation. Brazillian Journal of Microbiology. 2020;51:99-106.
48. Leo VV, Passari AK, Muniraj IK, Uthandi S, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, et al. Elevated levels of laccase synthesis by Pleurotus pulmonarius BPSM10 and its potential as a dye decolorizing agent. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2019;26:464-8.
-
Abstract View: 108 times
PDF Download: 20 times
Download Statistics
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
